关键词:园林植物； 湿生植物； 污水处理； 逆境生理； 吸收与富集
Key words:landscape plants; hygrophyte; wastewater treatment; adversity physiology; absorbing and concentration
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——蔡建国 舒美英 吴家森[CAI Jian-guo, SHU Mei-ying, WU Jia-sen]　(2008年 第08期 )

摘要:以芦竹、细叶莎草、香菇草、姜花、水生美人蕉和茭白6种湿生植物为试材，通过盆栽试验，研究其净污能力。结果表明：6种湿生植物在污水中生长后其体内营养元素含量均较大幅度地增加，吸收N素能力以姜花、细叶莎草和水生美人蕉增幅较大，吸收P、K素以香菇草和水生美人蕉为好，茭白和香菇草对Ca素具有较好的吸收能力，对Mg吸收能力较强的是细叶莎草、茭白和香菇草，香菇草和细叶莎草对Fe、Mn和Al的吸附能力较强，对Zn吸附能力强的植物是茭白、香菇草和芦竹，对Na吸收较强的植物是细叶莎草。其中香菇草、细叶莎草和水生美人蕉对污水中营养元素的综合吸收和富集能力较强，可作为净化污水的优良湿生植物。

Abstract:6 kinds of hygrophyte such as Arundo donax, Cyperus alternifolius‘Gracilis’, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Hedychium coronariums, Canna generalis and Zizania caduciflora were selected for this experiment. The purpose of this paper is to study the pollution menace of six wetland plants. The result shows that all hygrophytes grow quite well in polluted water, content of nutrients in plants varies a lot and content of nutrients in plants increases largely after the plants grow in polluted water. Hedychium coronarium, Cyperus alternifolius ‘Gracilis’ and Canna generalis have the strongest ability to absorb N while Hydrocotyle vulgaris and Canna generalis have the strongest ability to absorb P and K, Zizania caduciflora and Hedychium coronariums for Ca, Cyperus alternifolius ‘Gracilis’, Hedychium coronariums and Zizania caduciflora for Mg, and Hydrocotyle vulgaris and Cyperus alternifolius ‘Gracilis’ for Fe, Mn and Al. Plants strong in absorbing Zn include Zizania caduciflora, Hydrocotyle vulgaris and Arundo donax while Cyperus alternifolius‘Gracilis’ is strong in absorbing Na. Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Cyperus alternifolius‘Gracilis’ and Canna generalis have stronger ability to absorb the content of nutrients. They are more appropriate to purify wastewater.