关键词:风景园林； 旅游开发； 长城； 世界遗产； 文物保护
Key words:landscape architecture; tourism development; Great Wall; world cultural heritage; heritage conservation
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——邬东璠 杨 锐[WU Dong-fan, YANG Rui]　(2008年 第05期 )

摘要:作为世界文化遗产，长城在文物保护与旅游利用过程中面临很多危机：利用过度引发承载力危机；法律不健全引发真实性危机；资金短缺引发完整性危机；开发无序引发环境危机；宣传教育不到位引发公众意识欠缺的危机等。长城的遗产价值受到威胁，无论其文物本体还是周边环境都面临着严峻的考验。针对这些岌岌可危的现状，尝试提出5项对策：建立“遗产廊道”进行整体保护；建立专门的长城管理机构实现统一管理；规划先行以统筹保护与利用；均衡开发以有效分流游客；畅通公众参与渠道以促进公众保护意识的提高。

Abstract:As a World Cultural Heritage the Great Wall faces lots of crises during its conservation and tourism development. The out-of-order developments, excess using, distempered laws, short on funds, lack of public consciousness and so on are making its integrity and authenticity less. Both the Great Wall itself and its environment are facing high dangers. For dealing with the current conditions, some suggestions are provided in this paper, namely conservation as a whole, even development, unified management, planning in advance, and public participation.