关键词:风景园林； 北京私家园林； 选址； 城郊； 城内
Key words:Landscape Architecture; Private Garden in Beijing; Site Selection; Dutskirts of the City; The City Proper
文章编号:
中图分类号:
文献标识码:
——贾 珺[JIA Jun]　(2008年 第03期 )

摘要:选址是中国古代造园的首要环节。北京历史上兴建过大量的私家园林，其选址遵循古典园林的传统，推崇拥有良好水泉条件并易于成景的地段，因此内城的什刹海、泡子河，南郊的丰台、草桥，西郊的海淀等地区成为最佳的造园基址，出现过很多名园；此外，许多位于城内坊巷之中的园林也尽量选择相对幽静而且利于借景的位置。通过大量历史文献的搜集和分析，对历代北京私家园林的分布和选址情况做出综合研究，并对其具体的优劣标准进行探讨。

Abstract:Site selection is the first approach of Chinese ancient gardening. In the history, the site selections of numerous private gardens in Beijing follow classic tradition, preferring the site with abundant resources of water and good views, so that Shishahai and Paozihe in the inner city, Fengtai and Caoqiao in the southern suburb and Haidian in the western suburb were regarded as the best areas for gardening. Besides, many gardens in the lanes also choose the secluded sites as far as possible. Based on a great deal of firsthand materials, the author tries to study the distribution and site selections of the private gardens of Beijing in different periods, and make further exploration of the standards of selection.