关键词:风景园林； 造园艺术； 叠山； 专业工匠
Key words:Landscape Architecture; Art of Gardening; Rockery; Professional Gardener
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——王劲韬[WANG Jin-tao]　(2008年 第01期 )

摘要:叠山是中国古典园林最重要的创作手法之一。叠山技术的成熟和专业化发展在相当程度上改变了中国园林的意境。北宋营建的皇家园林——艮岳，促进了园林叠山技术的发展，也催生了叠山师这一新的职业。这种叠山专业化的趋势加速了园林叠山技巧的提高，同时也造成了中国后期园林叠山的艺术感染力和创造力下降，出现程式化等发展趋势。探讨了叠山专业化发展的几个重要阶段，如北宋和明清时代，分析了叠山专业化快速发展的历史机遇及其影响。

Abstract:Rockery has long been considered as indispensable, and made one of the most important methods in Chinese classical garden. The specialized skill greatly changed the whole scenery in Chinese garden. The construction of royal garden, Gen Yue, gave a great promotion to evolution of rockery, and gave birth to the new professional gardeners. On the one hand, the professional development strongly promoted the stone piling skills, but also caused a series of trend in Chinese garden, including the decline of art creativity and stylized skills. The article inquires into the two critical stages in this process, i.e. the North Song and Ming-Qing Dynasties, analyses the causes as well as the opportunities which accelerated this process.